Washington Post article covers secret Philip Morris memo that acknowledged that nicotine was a drug and highlighted the company's need to downplay that fact.

On January 4, 1954, in response to continuing scientific reports on the health effects of smoking, the tobacco industry published this ad in more than 400 newspapers. It was a seminal moment in the history of tobacco, and also of public relations.

"Big picture" presentation: money, power, addiction, sales, and how it plays out in different countries.

AHA shows how tobacco companies have used their economic power to wield considerable influence on the political process.

Archive of industry quotes, public and private.

Australian researcher presents internal tobacco industry documents on: advertising, targeting children; confusing the public on smoking and health; funding scientists, doctors, and consultants; secondhand smoke; plain packaging and health warnings; corporate plans, industry meetings; and product manipulation.

Washington post article covers tobacco industry document shredding, attempts to discredit anti-smoking activists, and attempts to bribe health officials.

"Philip Morris et al. are recasting themselves as kinder, gentler companies concerned about their communities. Meanwhile, they're strong-arming the TV networks to block counter-ads which might persuade you otherwise."

World Health Organisation report says tobacco industry sabotaged WHO tobacco control efforts.

Formerly secret memo describes Philip Morris's programs to influence the political and scientific process in Europe in the 1990s.

Interviews with tobacco whisteblower Dr. Jeffrey Wigand, and a tobacco industry PR representative.

Statement by Minnesota Attorney General Humbert Humphrey III before the House Judiciary Committee on tobacco policy and the June 20th settlement. "All the tobacco industry asks you to do, Mr. Chairman, is to guarantee them decades of prosperity...Members of this Committee, you don't need Philip Morris' blessing to proceed."

Section from report on the tobacco industry examines where power is concentrated in the tobacco industry.

Douglas is the President of Tobacco Control Law & Policy Consulting. Speech given to the Northeastern University School Of Law.

Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals started marketing Nicorette gum in the early 1980s. In response, Philip Morris ceased all of its humectant purchases from Dow, and let them know why.

Victor DeNoble, a former researcher for Philip Morris, shares his experience.

An Australian history of tobacco industry denials about the health effects of smoking, addictiveness of nicotine and marketing of tobacco products to children.

"Welcome to a new era of cooperation" as B&W Tobacco put it on March 1998. A kinder, gentler, tobacco industry? This report from Public Citizen is skeptical.

Report by ASH-UK and the Royal College of Nursing on tobacco industry conduct; draws heavily on internal industry documents; focus on industry duplicity, particularly regarding addiction and low tar cigarettes.

New evidence shows how Canadian tobacco companies marketed to minors, and manipulated nicotine. Article from Eye magazine.

Research reviews the public statements made by the tobacco industry and private statements inside the industry, assesses the extent to which cigarette companies fulfilled their 1954 promises, and evaluates the effect on consumer knowledge of the product.

Features "Industry Statements on Nicotine's Drug Effects" and "Industry Manipulation and control of nicotine delivery".

The tobacco industry refused to cooperate with government efforts to reduce deaths and disease caused by smoking, the surgeon general under former President Jimmy Carter testified.

Interview with Dr. David Kessler.

Papers on Philip Morris's accommodation/pre-emption program; Philip Morris media plan for Colorado; RJR's field force; smoker's groups bankrolled by the tobacco industry.

From Action on Smoking and Health in the UK. Covers emissions, smoker compensation, differences between expectations and reality for low tar cigarettes, and what the industry knew and how it behaved.

Interviews with advocates on industry activity in Canada, Hong Kong, Poland, and Thailand.

A tobacco public relations man, masquerading as a journalist, spied on "anti-tobacco" science, scientists, and scientific organizations for more than a third of a century.

Brought to you by the Oklahoma Department of Health.

In the litigation Mangini v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Collection, R.J. Reynolds and its advertising agencies were ordered to produce several million pages of documents regarding the design and implementation of the Joe Camel Campaign. Some of the most important documents from that are now available here.

Judge Munter says the evidence proves that Philip Morris waged a campaign to addict teen-agers and conspired to hide the health consequences of smoking from the public.

JAMA article on industry use of lawyers to control industry science.

A history of Canadian tobacco giant Imperial Tobacco; incorporates information from recently released industry documents.

David McClean, who was the Marlboro Man for Philip Morris, died of lung cancer caused by smoking. The text of his widow's lawsuit against Philip Morris provides information on industry conduct over the years.

Which tobacco company also makes Maxwell House coffee? Which is the largest tobacco company in the world? This site has answers.

Memo from John Dingell, ranking member, to Democratic members of the House Commerce Committee, on the subpeonaed tobacco documents. Provides overview of what the documents reveal about industry manipulation, lobbying, litigation, PR, and lawyer control of scientific research.

Seession from health conference addresses political and economic influence of the tobacco industry, its effects, and public health responses.

Report on how the tobacco industry pressured other companies to scale back marketing of quit-smoking products.

January/February issue of the magazine focuses on the tobacco industry.

"Faced with the prospect that state laws may be strengthened, the tobacco industry initiated a campaign to avert effective reform by enacting its own weaker proposals, designed to give the false appearance of reform without effecting meaningful change."

Mother Jones article on tobacco industry influence on government in general, and Philip Morris influence specifically.

Report from National Network for Health outlines economic, political, legal, and marketing power of the industry.

Rundown on tobacco giant Philip Morris, the largest tobacco company in the world. Features a section on its advertising abroad.

Short item on tobacco giant Philip Morris, how it litigates, how it lobbies.

Research paper reports on how the tobacco industry mobilized a well-coordinated attack on a national stop-smoking project.

Report contrasts what the tobacco said publicly with what it said in private, over a period of decades, on the subjects of nicotine and addiction, low-tar and low-nicotine cigarettes and smoker compensation, tobacco industry research and public relations, smoking and disease, and secondhand smoke.

Article by Dr. Elizabeth M. Whelan on how an industry that sells an inherently dangerous product survives in America in the health conscious 1990s.

Supplement covers Philip Morris and RJ Reynolds actions from 1992 to late 1998, plus some older documents that have come to light.

"The Insider" is about Jeff Wigand, CBS, and Big Tobacco. A documentary covering the facts behind the movie.

What's the biggest tobacco stock you've never heard of? Try Wal-Mart. Forbes article explains.

About.com Guide. Documentation on how tobacco companies manipulate tobacco to keep smokers hooked.

CourtTV provides statements of Ian Uydess, William Farone, and Jerome Rivers. Covers nicotine manipulation, nicotine impact boosting, and research conducted by Philip Morris on nicotine addiction.

Audio interview with David Kessler; requires RealPlayer.

Book on what the Brown and Williamson documents reveal about B&W, cigarettes, smoking, and the tobacco industry. Entire book now available free, online.

A "webumentary" documenting what the industry knew and when they knew it, in their own words, and what they did to hide their knowledge, and to get their customers to doubt the dangers of smoking.

The Tobacco Industry and control of information about smoking and cancer; article from The Nation Magazine.

Article from environmental newsletter; mostly on industry media campaigns on secondhand smoke; some information on industry litigation and PR.

Legal scholarship, extensively footnoted, provides examples of tobacco industry concealment.

Tobacco industry use of lawyers to hide research.

ASH Australia compilation of tobacco industry practices.

Analysis of tobacco industry memos and internal documents reveals industry strategies to undermine tobacco prevention and push up cigarette sales in Cambodia, China, Hong Kong SAR, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.

Chapter in book on smoking covers tobacco industry structure, financials, lobbying tactics, public relations, and liability.

ASH-UK factsheet. Covers the major companies, market share, their promotional activities, related organizations.

ACSH report by Clifford Douglas.

Book chapter provides quotes and facts; all sources cited.

Editorial in the British Medical Journal urges opening of the Guildford depository of tobacco industry documents and explains what we've learned already from industry documents.

Journal article is also expert witness testimony covering history of tobacco and the tobacco industry.

A leading figure in tobacco control discusses industry activity, lobbying, and use of economic power, and explains why tobacco is so weakly regulated in the U.S.

Transcript of the famous congressional hearings in which 7 tobacco CEOs declared that nicotine is not addictive.

Observations and comments on tobacco and tobacco marketing, in particular in Hong Kong.

From British Columbia, lots of information on smoking and the tobacco industry in Canada.

Tobacco Industry Under Siege, from Facts on File.

Story on tobacco industry pressure on insurance companies to drop nonsmoker rates.

"When insurance companies started offering reduced premiums to nonsmokers in the late 1970s, cigarette makers fought them, industry documents show." The story from Channel 4000, WCCO.

Public health report documents the nature and extent of tobacco industry sponsorship of events and organizations; 304 separate sponsorships identified during the period 1995-1999.

The tobacco industry has promised a new honesty and responsibility; this report reveals how little the industry measures up on three critical issues: the health effects of smoking, the health effects of secondhand smoke, and the addictiveness of nicotine.

Tactics used by the tobacco industry to legitimize its activities, promote its product, defeat health measures, and protect its profits, such as: glamorizing tobacco products; targeting youth, minorities and women; reassuring concerned smokers; tobacco industry "prevention" ad campaigns; "Helping" the Community"; using power and politics; creating front groups; creating controversy; using the legal system to "hide" information; resistance to regulation.

Documentation on tobacco industry PR, junk science, campaign contributions, lobbying, advertising and product promotion. Features story of how the U.S. Trade Representative, on behalf of Philip Morris and R.J. Reynolds Tobacco, helped force Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand to water down their tobacco restrictions.

Tobacco industry witnesses who argued against restrictions on secondhand smoke were asked if firsthand smoke, smoking cigarettes, causes lung cancer. These are their answers.

Report on tobacco industry tactics to attack WHO atni-tobacco efforts including: secretly paying individuals to attack WHO in the media; using paid contacts to infiltrate WHO committees and divert funds away from tobacco control; using paid scientists and journalists to manipulate research findings.

ANR information on tobacco industry strategies.

Recent research identifies tobacco industry strategies to fight, delay, and water down health warnings, to prevent regulation of the tobacco industry, to circumvent advertising restrictions, and to give tobacco giant Philip Morris more lobbying power.

Medical bulletin. "The world's most widespread, serious infection is spread by its vector: the tobacco industry. Public health advocates must study the life patterns of the tobacco industry as they would any other disease vector."

Gallery of cigarette ads and tobacco industry promotional items: t-shirts, caps, radios, and a wide variety of other items designed by tobacco companies to sell cigarettes, spit tobacco, and cigars.

Concise guide to the millions of pages of confidential tobacco industry documents released through litigation in the United States; reveals what was going on behind closed doors in the tobacco companies.

Investment column.

Collection of stories published in the Washington Post.